Ewing's Sarcoma

Ewing’s Sarcoma is a malignant round-cell tumor can occur anywhere in the body. It is a rare disease in which cancer cells are found in the bones or in soft tissue. Ewing Sarcoma is not only a cancer of the ribs, femur, pelvis and the humerus but it can also occur in the mandible,sometimes mistaken for inflammation of dental origin. Primary malignant tumors of the jaws are rare and the diagnosis and treatment of Ewing Sarcoma can be challenging. Less than 3% of all Ewing Sarcoma originate in the maxillofacial region,usually involving the mandible. 90% occur in the first three decades of life and males are more often affected than females (male:female=3:2). Clinical symptoms such as swelling, pain and sensory disturbances are rather unspecific and can sometimes misleading, because the swelling, pain, increased CRP, leukocytosis and elevated temperature  which are the first signs of oral Ewing Sarcoma occuring also in odontogenic infections.

Because almost all patients with apparently localized disease at diagnosis have occult metastatic disease, multi-drug chemotherapy as well as local disease control with surgery and/or radiation is indicated in the treatment of all patients.

Five-year survival for localized disease is 70-80% when treated with chemo. Long term survival for metastatic disease can be less than 10%, some sources state it’s 25-30%.

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